④ 근대사법제도의 도입과 일제강점기 / 광복과 법원의 재건

사법권이 행정권에서 독립된 형태인 근대적 사법제도가 탄생한 것은 1895년, 

조선이 ‘재판소구성법’을 공포하고 최초의 근대적 재판기관인 ‘고등재판소’와 ‘한성재판소’를 설치하면서부터입니다.

하지만 일본에게 나라를 빼앗기면서 법과 재판제도는 우리 민족을 억압하고 수탈하는 수단으로 악용됩니다.

이로 인해 아직도 우리에겐 법과 재판을 기피하고 두려워하는 인식이 남아 있습니다. 

1945년 광복을 맞고 1948년 대한민국 헌법이 제정되면서 우리나라는 헌법에 의해 국민의 자유와 권리가 보장되는 현대적 사법제도를 갖추게 됩니다.

1948년 헌법 제정과 함께 탄생한 사법부는 지금도 국민의 자유와 권리를 지키고 법 앞의 평등을 실현하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다. 

④ Introduction of Modern Legal Systems and Japanese Occupation

Independence and Rebuilding the Court

It was in 1895 when the modernized legal system, independent from the administrative authority, was first introduced to Korea.

Government of Choseon at that time enacted the Law on the Establishment of Courthouse,

and established the first modern courthouses of Korea. They were called the 'High Court' and 'Hanseong Court.'

But, after Korea was taken by the Japanese Imperialists,

the laws and trial systems were abused to suppress the people of Korea and plunder their properties.

Because of this, we still have some fear in our mind left even today, which make us feel intimidated or sometimes shy away from the law and the court. 

After the liberation of Korea in 1945 and the establishment of our Constitution in 1948,

Korea has become a country with a modernized set of legal system which protects the freedom and rights of its people.

 The Judiciary was born in 1948, when the Constitution was made, 

and we are still working on to protect the freedom and rights of our people,

and to realize the equality in law for all.